(A) is a difficult answer choice to parse. What's "not significantly more"? Certainly less --> not significantly more. Same --> not significantly more. Slightly more --> not significantly more.
It's only the last group "slightly more" that gives us some trouble. We would need to presume that "slightly more" is not already more 5%, which I think is reasonable. Of course, the LSAT thinks that's reasonable too.
A
Some people have surmised that a hardware store will be opening in the shopping plaza.
B
A hardware store will not be opening in the shopping plaza.
C
If somebody were going to open a hardware store in the shopping plaza, that person would already have started publicizing it.
D
It would be unwise to open a hardware store in the shopping plaza.
E
There has been no publicity concerning the opening of a hardware store in the shopping plaza.
Ethicist: Although science is frequently said to be morally neutral, it has a traditional value system of its own. For example, scientists sometimes foresee that a line of theoretical research they are pursuing will yield applications that could seriously harm people, animals, or the environment. Yet, according to science’s traditional value system, such consequences do not have to be considered in deciding whether to pursue that research. Ordinary morality, in contrast, requires that we take the foreseeable consequences of our actions into account whenever we are deciding what to do.
Summary
Science has a traditional value system of its own. For example, scientists sometimes foresee research yielding harmful consequences. However, according to scientist’s traditional value system, these consequences do not have to be considered when deciding what to research. In contrast, ordinary morality would require taking foreseeable consequences into account when deciding what to do.
Strongly Supported Conclusions
Sometimes scientists may follow their traditional value system and violate ordinary morality at the same time.
A
Scientists should not be held responsible for the consequences of their research.
This answer is unsupported. The stimulus does not suggest what scientists should or should not be held accountable for. The stimulus is limited to the contrast between two different value systems.
B
According to the dictates of ordinary morality, scientists doing research that ultimately turns out to yield harmful applications are acting immorally.
This answer is unsupported. Ordinary morality requires taking foreseeable consequences into account. If the harm that results in this answer choice is not foreseeable, then scientists cannot be said to be violating ordinary morality.
C
Science is morally neutral because it assigns no value to the consequences of theoretical research.
This answer is unsupported. We don’t know from the stimulus whether science is in fact morally neutral. We only know that science is frequently said to be morally neutral.
D
It is possible for scientists to both adhere to the traditional values of their field and violate a principle of ordinary morality.
This answer is strongly supported. Scientists’ traditional value system does not require taking into account foreseeable consequences, while ordinary morality does.
E
The uses and effects of scientifically acquired knowledge can never be adequately foreseen.
This answer is unsupported. To say that these can “never” be adequately foreseen is too strong. It’s possible that these effects can be adequately foreseen, it’s just that the traditional value system for science does not require scientists to take these effects into account.
A
The number of speeding tickets issued annually on Park Road remained roughly constant from 1981 to 1990.
B
Beginning in 1986, police patrolled Park Road much less frequently than in 1985 and previous years.
C
The annual number of vehicles using Park Road decreased significantly and steadily from 1981 to 1990.
D
The annual number of accidents on Park Road that did not result in hospitalization remained roughly constant from 1981 to 1990.
E
Until 1986 accidents were classified as “serious” only if they resulted in an extended hospital stay.
A
relies crucially on an internally contradictory definition of rationality
B
takes for granted that humans are aware that their acts are irrational
C
neglects to show that the irrational acts perpetrated by humans are not also perpetrated by other animals
D
presumes, without offering justification, that humans are no worse than other animals
E
fails to recognize that humans may possess a capacity without displaying it in a given activity
Most wildcats can kill prey that weigh up to half of their body weight.
Some cats that can kill prey that weigh up to half of their body weight have a high muscle-to-fat ratio.
Some domestic cats can kill prey that weigh up to half of their body weight.
Some domestic cats have a high muscle-to-fat ratio.
A
Some cats that have a high muscle-to-fat ratio are not good hunters.
B
A smaller number of domestic cats than wild cats have a high muscle-to-fat ratio.
C
All cats that are bad hunters have a low muscle-to-fat ratio.
D
Some cats that have a high muscle-to-fat ratio are domestic.
E
All cats that have a high muscle-to-fat ratio can kill prey that weigh up to half their body weight.