This is a Point at Issue Disagree question. We know this because of the question stem: Cox and Crockett disagree over whether…
Our job here is to evaluate Cox and Crockett's conversation and determine their disagreement. Notice how the question stem does not use the word "suggests" or "supports.” It simply says the word "disagree." That means the disagreement is explicit, which means our work got a lot easier. Cox and Talbot will state two claims that explicitly contradict each other. Once we find that, we can hone in on the correct answer choice.
Cox uses a bunch of referential phrasing in his statement. By now, you should be well-acquainted with referential phrasing, so I'll give you the translation:
"The consumer counsel did not provide sufficient (enough) justification for its action (the recall) when it required that Derma-35 be recalled from the market."
Did Cox even make an argument? No, all Cox has done is make a claim. He has provided no support for the claim the council didn't provide enough justification. Well, there isn't much to agree or disagree on. Either you think they provided sufficient evidence, or they did not. And Cox did not.
Crockett says he disagrees with Cox. Immediately, we have our answer. Crockett believes sufficient evidence was provided, and Cox does not. . Right here is where we can stop and start hunting for the Correct Answer Choice (D). But before we move on, let's evaluate what else Crocket has to say. He claims Derma 35 causes inflammation, but the council cited blemishes, which are a side effect of inflammation. Ok, so the council took this off the market because of blemishes. Crocket then claims that the council rightly acknowledged blemishes are a significant health concern. "Rightly" indicates Crocket agrees that blemishes are a health concern.
We know a lot about what Crocket thinks and little about what Cox thinks. In order to know if Cox and Crocket disagree on something, we need to know both of their positions on the matter. If we don't know at least one of their positions, we can rule out the AC. So as a matter of strategy, we will ask whether or not we know Cox's position on the answer choice. If we do not know his position, we will have no way of knowing whether he disagrees with Crockett.
Answer Choice (A) is incorrect since neither Cox nor Crocket state their opinion on whether Derma 35 should remain on the market. Since we don’t know anyone’s opinion on this matter, we can eliminate this answer choice.
Answer Choice (B) is wrong because we do not know where Cox lands on this. He might agree. He might disagree. We can rule this one out for the same reason we ruled out (A).
Answer Choice (C) is incorrect because Cox never mentions what justification the council gave. He simply says that it was not sufficient. We can rule this one out since we don’t know Cox’s opinion on this.
Correct Answer Choice (D) Cox explicitly says he agrees with this position, and Crocket says he disagrees. Correct Answer.
Answer Choice (E) is incorrect because we do not know if Cox believes this or not. Therefore, it is out.
The question stem reads: Which one of the following logically follows from the literary historian's claims? This is a Must Be True question.
The stimulus begins with context by stating that Shakespeare could have written love poems attributed to him. We then turn to the author's argument with the indicator "but." The author claims that the dramas attributed to him "evince such insight into the minds of powerful rulers that they could only have been written by one who had spent much time among them." In other words, because the dramas provided such an accurate description of rulers' mental states, the dramas must have been written by someone who had actually been around to witness rulers themselves. The author has introduced "being around rulers" as a Necessary Condition for being the author of the plays. She then says that Francis Bacon spent time with rulers, but Shakespeare had not. Can we draw a valid inference? We can! Shakespeare didn't spend time with rulers, which means he could not have written the plays. Why? Because spending time with rulers is required for being the dramas' author. But if Shakespeare didn't write the plays, who did? The author says Mr. Bacon spent time around rulers, which means he satisfies the Necessary Conditions for being the author. However, by now, you know that Necessary does not mean Sufficient. So while Mr. Bacon may be the author, we don't know for sure. There might be other Necessary Conditions we need to meet to become an author of the dramas that Bacon fails to satisfy.
In an MBT Question, we hunt for any valid inferences we draw in the answer choices. We synthesized the author's claims and drew the valid inference that Shakespeare did not write the dramas and Francis Bacon possibly wrote the dramas.
We can find the inference that Shakespeare did not write the dramas in Correct Answer Choice (E), which also restates the context that Shakespeare could have written love poetry.
Answer Choice (A) makes a mistake by claiming that Bacon wrote the dramas attributed to Shakespeare. That could be true, but we do not know if he actually did. Additionally, (A) claims that Bacon did not write the love poetry attributed to Shakespeare. Why not? We have no rules or conditions about the author of love poetry, only that Shakespeare could have been the author. So Bacon is still in the running for that.
Answer Choice (B) makes the same mistake as (A) by claiming that Bacon wrote the Dramas. So for that reason, it is out. Additionally, we know nothing about the author of the love poems, so we can rule out (B) for the claim that Bacon wrote love poetry.
Answer Choice (C) makes the valid inference that Shakespeare did not write the dramas but makes the invalid inference that he did not write the poems. The author directly states that Shakespeare could have written the poems in the context so (C) is out.
Answer Choice (D) claims that one person could not have written both the love poems and the dramas. If we knew Shakespeare wrote the poems, then (D) would be a valid inference. However, we do not know that Shakespeare wrote the poems, only that he could have wrote the poems. So there is still the possibility that someone besides Shakespeare wrote love poems and dramas.